Item 38 Anchor Papers    

Hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells, carries oxygen. Abnormal hemoglobin cannot carry as much oxygen as normal hemoglobin. The sequences below show sections of the DNA sequence that produce both the normal and abnormal types of hemoglobin.

  • Write the messenger RNA sequences that would be produced from the normal and abnormal DNA sequences shown above.
     
  • Using the codon table, write the amino acid sequences produced from the DNA for normal and abnormal hemoglobin.
     
  • Beginning with DNA, describe the process that forms proteins such as hemoglobin.
     
Write your answer in your Answer Book.

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. The student gives one correct codon (GAG) that would be produced from the DNA for abnormal hemoglobin. The supporting details are only minimally effective.

image of student response

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. The supporting details are minimally effective. The student identifies the correct RNA sequence that would be produced from the DNA for normal and abnormal hemoglobin and the correct amino acid sequence for both kinds of hemoglobin. The supporting details are minimally effective.

image of student response

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. Correct mRNA and amino acid sequences are given for each kind of hemoglobin. The student attempts to describe the process that forms proteins but most of the description is incorrect. The supporting details are only minimally effective.

image of student response

Score Level 2 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. The student gives correct mRNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin. A cursory overview of protein synthesis is given. The supporting details are adequate.

image of student response

Score Level 2 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. Appropriate mRNA and amino acid sequences are given. The description of protein synthesis is primarily a discussion of transcription (DNA serves as a template for mRNA; nitrogen bases of mRNA join with the corresponding nitrogen bases of DNA) and includes very little about translation (three nitrogen bases code for an amino acid; The sequence of amino acids then code for proteins). Although tRNA is not mentioned, the supporting details are adequate.

image of student response

Score Level 2 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. Messenger RNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin are correct. An overview of protein synthesis is provided, and with one exception, (tRNA formed in the ribosome) is generally correct. The supporting details are adequate.

image of student response

Score Level 3 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a good understanding of the question. The student gives the correct mRNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin. Generally complete supporting details are used to describe the process of protein synthesis. The use of accurate scientific terminology (transcribed; anti-codons; coded protein) strengthens the response.

image of student response

Score Level 3 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a good understanding of the question. The mRNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin are correct. The description of protein synthesis shows some synthesis of information and is strengthened by the use of accurate scientific terminology (start codon; bind amino acids together; polypeptide; stop codon). The discussion of translation is nonspecific and lacks detail. With one exception (tRNA transfers amino acids from the nucleus) the supporting details are accurate and generally complete.

image of student response

Score Level 4 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a full and complete understanding of the question. The student correctly identifies mRNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin. Although the discussion of protein synthesis is brief, it is complete and accurate and contains both synthesis of information and accurate scientific terminology (transcription; nucleotides; cap and Poly-A tail; enzymes; endoplasmic reticulum; golgi apparatus). The supporting details are pertinent and complete.

image of student response

Score Level 4 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a full and complete understanding of the question. Pertinent and complete supporting details are used to fully and accurately describe the process that forms proteins. An integration of ideas is provided through the detailed discussion regarding protein synthesis. Messenger RNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin are correctly given. The use of scientific terminology enhances this response (transcription; promoter; polymerase enzyme; terminator sequence, translation, anti-codon, peptide bonds, rough endoplasmic reticulum).

image of student response
 

Anchor Papers ~ Biology ~ Item 38

Hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells, carries oxygen. Abnormal hemoglobin cannot carry as much oxygen as normal hemoglobin. The sequences below show sections of the DNA sequence that produce both the normal and abnormal types of hemoglobin.

  • Write the messenger RNA sequences that would be produced from the normal and abnormal DNA sequences shown above.
     
  • Using the codon table, write the amino acid sequences produced from the DNA for normal and abnormal hemoglobin.
     
  • Beginning with DNA, describe the process that forms proteins such as hemoglobin.
     
Write your answer in your Answer Book.

 

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. The student gives one correct codon (GAG) that would be produced from the DNA for abnormal hemoglobin. The supporting details are only minimally effective.

image of student response

 

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. The supporting details are minimally effective. The student identifies the correct RNA sequence that would be produced from the DNA for normal and abnormal hemoglobin and the correct amino acid sequence for both kinds of hemoglobin. The supporting details are minimally effective.

image of student response

 

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. Correct mRNA and amino acid sequences are given for each kind of hemoglobin. The student attempts to describe the process that forms proteins but most of the description is incorrect. The supporting details are only minimally effective.

image of student response

 

Score Level 2 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. The student gives correct mRNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin. A cursory overview of protein synthesis is given. The supporting details are adequate.

image of student response

 

Score Level 2 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. Appropriate mRNA and amino acid sequences are given. The description of protein synthesis is primarily a discussion of transcription (DNA serves as a template for mRNA; nitrogen bases of mRNA join with the corresponding nitrogen bases of DNA) and includes very little about translation (three nitrogen bases code for an amino acid; The sequence of amino acids then code for proteins). Although tRNA is not mentioned, the supporting details are adequate.

image of student response

 

Score Level 2 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. Messenger RNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin are correct. An overview of protein synthesis is provided, and with one exception, (tRNA formed in the ribosome) is generally correct. The supporting details are adequate.

image of student response

 

Score Level 3 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a good understanding of the question. The student gives the correct mRNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin. Generally complete supporting details are used to describe the process of protein synthesis. The use of accurate scientific terminology (transcribed; anti-codons; coded protein) strengthens the response.

image of student response

 

Score Level 3 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a good understanding of the question. The mRNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin are correct. The description of protein synthesis shows some synthesis of information and is strengthened by the use of accurate scientific terminology (start codon; bind amino acids together; polypeptide; stop codon). The discussion of translation is nonspecific and lacks detail. With one exception (tRNA transfers amino acids from the nucleus) the supporting details are accurate and generally complete.

image of student response

 

Score Level 4 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a full and complete understanding of the question. The student correctly identifies mRNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin. Although the discussion of protein synthesis is brief, it is complete and accurate and contains both synthesis of information and accurate scientific terminology (transcription; nucleotides; cap and Poly-A tail; enzymes; endoplasmic reticulum; golgi apparatus). The supporting details are pertinent and complete.

image of student response

 

Score Level 4 Anchor Paper

 

This response contains evidence of a full and complete understanding of the question. Pertinent and complete supporting details are used to fully and accurately describe the process that forms proteins. An integration of ideas is provided through the detailed discussion regarding protein synthesis. Messenger RNA and amino acid sequences for both kinds of hemoglobin are correctly given. The use of scientific terminology enhances this response (transcription; promoter; polymerase enzyme; terminator sequence, translation, anti-codon, peptide bonds, rough endoplasmic reticulum).

image of student response