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Social Studies Skills and Processes:
Social Studies:
Social Studies Skills and Processes |
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Standard 6.0 Social Studies Skills and Processes
Students shall use reading, writing, and thinking processes and skills to gain knowledge and understanding of political, historical, and current events using chronological and spatial thinking, economic reasoning, and historical interpretation, by framing and evaluating questions from primary and secondary sources.
Topic
A. Read to Learn and Construct Meaning about Social Studies
Indicator
- 1. Use appropriate strategies and opportunities to increase understandings of social studies vocabulary
Objectives
- Acquire and apply new vocabulary through investigating, listening, independent reading and discussing a variety of print and non-print sources
- Identify and use new vocabulary acquired through study of relationships to prior knowledge and experiences
- Use context clues to understand new social studies vocabulary
- Use new vocabulary in speaking and writing to gain and extend content knowledge and clarify expression
Indicator
- 2. Use strategies to prepare for reading (before reading)
Objectives
- Identify the characteristics of informational texts, such as print features, graphic aids, informational aids, organizational aids, and online features
- Preview the text by examining features, such as the title, pictures, maps, illustrations, photographs, charts, timelines, graphs, and icons
- Set a purpose for reading the text
- Ask questions and make predictions about the text
- Make connections to the text using prior knowledge and experiences
Indicator
- 3. Use strategies to monitor understanding and derive meaning from text and portions of text (during reading)
Objectives
- Identify and use knowledge of organizational structures, such as chronological order, cause/effect, main ideas and details, description, similarities/differences, and problem/solution to gain meaning
- Reread slowly and carefully, restate, or read on and revisit difficult parts
- Use a graphic organizer or another note-taking technique to record important ideas or information
- Look back through the text to search for connections between and among ideas
- Make, confirm, or adjust predictions about the text
- Periodically summarize or paraphrase important ideas while reading
- Visualize what was read for deeper meaning
- Explain personal connections to the ideas or information in the text
Indicator
- 4. Use strategies to demonstrate understanding of the text (after reading)
Objectives
- Identify and explain what is directly stated in the text
- Identify, paraphrase, or summarize the main idea of the text
- Determine and explain the author's purpose
- Distinguish between facts and opinions
- Explain whether or not the author's opinion is presented fairly
- Explain what is not directly stated in the text by drawing inferences
- Confirm or refute predictions made about the text to form new ideas
- Connect the text to prior knowledge or personal experiences
- Draw conclusions and make generalizations based on the text, multiple texts, and/or prior knowledge
Topic
B. Write to Learn and Communicate Social Studies Understandings
Indicator
- 1. Select and use informal writing strategies, such as short/response/essay answer/ brief constructed responses, journal writing, note taking, and graphic organizers, to clarify, organize, remember, and/or express new understandings
Objectives
- Identify key ideas
- Connect key ideas to prior knowledge (personal experience, text and world)
Indicator
- 2. Use formal writing, such as multi-paragraph essays, historical investigations, research reports, letters, summaries, to inform
Objectives
- Identify form, audience, topic, and purpose before writing
- Organize facts and/or data/statistics to support a topic
- Provide introduction, body, and conclusion
- Cite sources when paraphrasing, summarizing, and quoting
- Enhance text with graphics, such as charts, maps, and diagrams
Indicator
- 3. Use formal writing, such as multi-paragraph essays, historical investigations, editorials, and letters to persuade
Objectives
- Identify form, audience, topic, and purpose
- State a clear opinion or position
- Modify or refute a position when appropriate
- Provide reasons and cite reliable supporting evidence
- Demonstrate understandings of social studies knowledge
Indicator
- 4. Use timed, on-demand writing to demonstrate understanding on assessments (Constructed Responses)
Objectives
- Address the topic
- Provide accurate information
- Support topic with appropriate details
- Integrate social studies concepts and skills
Topic
C. Ask Social Studies Questions
Indicator
- 1. Identify a topic that requires further study
Objectives
- Identify prior knowledge about the topic
- Pose questions the about the topic
- Formulate research questions
- Develop a plan for how to answer questions about the topic
Indicator
- 2. Identify a situation/issue that requires further study
Objectives
- Define the situation/issue
- Identify prior knowledge about the situation/issue
- Pose questions about the situation/issue from a variety of perspectives
- Pose questions that elicit higher order thinking responses
- Formulate research questions
- Develop a plan for how to answer questions about the situation/issue
Topic
D. Acquire Social Studies Information
Indicator
- 1. Identify primary and secondary sources of information that relate to the topic/situation/problem being studied
Objectives
- Gather and read appropriate print sources, such as journals, periodicals, government documents, timelines, databases, reference works, and web sites
- Read and obtain information from texts representing diversity in content, culture, authorship, and perspective
- Locate and gather data and information from appropriate non-print sources, such as music, artifacts, charts, maps, graphs, photographs, video clips, illustrations, paintings, political cartoons, multimedia, interviews, and oral histories
- Access and process information that is factual and reliable from readings, investigations, and/or oral communications
Indicator
- 2. Engage in field work that relates to the topic/ situation/ problem being studied
Objectives
- Gather data
- Make and record observations
- Design and conduct surveys and oral histories
Topic
E. Organize Social Studies Information
Indicator
- 1. Organize information from non-print sources
Objectives
- Prioritize information gathered according to importance and relevance
- Distinguish factual from fictional information
- Find relationships among gathered information
- Display information on various types of graphic organizers, maps, and charts
- Summarize information obtained from surveys and field work
Indicator
- 2. Organize information from print sources
Objectives
- Prioritize information gathered according to importance and relevance
- Determine the bias and reliability of a source
- Find relationships among gathered information
- Construct various types of graphic organizers, maps, and charts to display information
Topic
F. Analyze Social Studies Information
Indicator
- 1. Interpret information from primary and secondary sources
Objectives
- Interpret information in maps, charts and graphs
- Interpret information from field studies and surveys
- Analyze a document to determine point of view
- Analyze the perspective of the author to determine if the document or topic is historically significant
- Identify bias and prejudice
Indicator
- 2. Evaluate information from a variety of sources
Objectives
- Compare information from a variety of sources
- Compare information to prior knowledge
- Determine the reliability of the document
- Compare ideas, models, systems, and perspectives
Indicator
- 3. Synthesize information from a variety of sources
Objectives
- Recognize relationships in and among ideas or events, such as cause and effect, sequential order, main idea, and details
- Reconstruct the arguments of issues or events
- Assess the costs and benefits of alternatives
- Modify understandings of social studies concepts and trend
- Verify or change prior understandings based on new information
Topic
G. Answer Social Studies Questions
Indicator
- 1. Describe how the country has changed over time and how people have contributed to its change, drawing from maps, photographs, newspapers, and other sources
Objectives
- Present social studies information in a variety ways, such as mock trials, simulations, debates, and skits
- Engage in civic participation and public discourse
- Use effective speaking techniques to deliver narrative, persuasive, and research presentations
Indicator
- 2. Use historic contexts to answer questions
Objectives
- Use historically accurate resources to answer questions, make predictions, and support ideas
- Explain why historic interpretations vary and are subject to change
- Construct a sound historical interpretation
- Understand the meaning, implication and impact of historic events and recognize that events could have taken other directions
Indicator
- 3. Use current events/issues to answer questions
Objectives
- Summarize the main points of an issue explaining different viewpoints
- Make a decision based on the analysis of issues and evaluate the consequences of these decisions
- Identify and formulate a position on a course of action or an issue
- Propose and justify solutions to social studies problems
- Use media resources to deliberate and advocate issues and policy
Date: 6/20/2006
