School Improvement in Maryland
Mathematics Grade K Voluntary State Curriculum
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Document Date: June 2004
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K WSS Alignment
K Fall Exemplars
K Spring Exemplars
 

Standard 1.0 Knowledge of Algebra, Patterns, and Functions

Students will algebraically represent, model, analyze, or solve mathematical or real-world problems involving patterns or functional relationships.
Topic
A. Patterns and Functions
Indicator
1. Identify and copy numeric patterns
Objective
  1. Use manipulatives with numeric qualities to build patterns
Indicator
2. Identify, copy, describe, create, and extend non-numeric patterns
Objectives
  1. Represent patterns kinesthetically such as: clap/snap/clap
  2. Represent and analyze repeating patterns using no more than 3 objects in the core of the pattern
  3. Sort a collection of objects according to a rule
  4. Identify patterns in real life situations
  5. Recognize the difference between patterns and non-patterns
  6. Continue patterns
Topic
B. Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities
Indicator
1. Write and identify expressions
Objective
  1. Represent numeric quantities using concrete and pictorial representations to model addition expressions with a value of no more than 10
Indicator
2. Identify equations and inequalities
Objectives
  1. Represent relationships by comparing groups of no more than 10 objects to determine more or less
  2. Model and name the value of the missing part in a part-part-whole situation using no more than 10 manipulatives
  3. Describe addition using terms such as: and, add, plus, join, equal
Topic
C. Numeric and Graphic Representations of Relationships
Indicator
1. Locate points on a number line
Objective
  1. Identify and represent whole numbers up to 10 on a number line using manipulatives, symbols, and one-to-one correspondence


Standard 2.0 Knowledge of Geometry

Students will apply the properties of one-, two-, or three-dimensional geometric figures to describe, reason, or solve problems about shape, size, position, or motion of objects.
Topic
A. Plane Geometric Figures
Indicator
1. Recognize and describe the attributes of plane geometric figures
Objectives
  1. Sort and regroup everyday objects and geometric figures according to attributes such as: shape, color, size
  2. Describe plane figures and their attributes such as: shape, color, size
  3. Identify triangles, circles, squares, and rectangles
  4. Compare, trace, and reproduce triangles, circles, squares, and rectangles
Topic
B. Solid Geometric Figures
Indicator
1. Recognize, describe, and use the attributes of solid geometric figures
Objectives
  1. Match, sort, and regroup objects according to attributes
  2. Describe solid figures
  3. Identify solid geometric figures in the environment
Topic
D. Congruence
Indicator
1. Recognize congruent objects
Objective
  1. Identify everyday objects which have the same size and shape
Topic
E. Transformations
Indicator
1. Begin to recognize a transformation
Objectives
  1. Use position words such as: over, under, above, on, next to, below, beside, behind
  2. Use spatial reasoning to solve simple puzzles
  3. Demonstrate slides using simple objects
Indicator
2. Analyze geometric figures and pictures
Objective
  1. Recognize the concept of symmetry using pictures


Standard 3.0 Knowledge of Measurement

Students will identify attributes, units, or systems of measurements or apply a variety of techniques, formulas, tools or technology for determining measurements.
Topic
A. Measurement Units
Indicator
1. Explore measurement units
Objectives
  1. Order, compare, and describe objects by attributes such as: length/height, weight, capacity
  2. Recognize time by identifying days of the week and by using terms such as: yesterday, today, tomorrow, morning, afternoon, night, before, after
  3. Compare and describe temperature such as: temperature in January as compared to temperature in July
Topic
B. Measurement Tools
Indicator
1. Measure in non-standard units
Objectives
  1. Measure length of objects and pictures of objects
  2. Explore and compare the capacity of containers
  3. Explore and compare weight of objects


Standard 4.0 Knowledge of Statistics

Students will collect, organize, display, analyze, or interpret data to make decisions or predictions.
Topic
A. Data Displays
Indicator
1. Collect, organize, and display data
Objectives
  1. Collect data by answering a question
  2. Organize and display data to make real graphs
  3. Organize and display data to make picture graphs
Topic
B. Data Analysis
Indicator
1. Analyze data
Objectives
  1. Compare and describe data from real graphs to answer a question
  2. Compare and describe data from a picture graph to answer a question


Standard 6.0 Knowledge of Number Relationships and Computation/Arithmetic

Students will describe, represent, or apply numbers or their relationships or will estimate or compute using mental strategies, paper/pencil or technology.
Topic
A. Knowledge of Number and Place Value
Indicator
1. Apply knowledge of whole numbers and place value
Objectives
  1. Extend concept of number
  2. Construct relationships between and among quantities using language such as: more than, less than, fewer than, as many as, one more, one less
  3. Demonstrate cardinality by answer of how many
  4. Build meaningful relationships by using 5 and 10 frames
  5. Use concrete materials to build sets 0 to 10
  6. Use concrete materials to compose and decompose quantities up to 10
  7. Match a numeral to a set
  8. Count to 31
  9. Count backward from 10
  10. Use ordinal numbers to indicate position such as: first, second, third, fourth, fifth
Indicator
2. Recognize fractions
Objective
  1. Show initial awareness of fractional parts (halves) using concrete materials
Indicator
3. Recognize and use money
Objectives
  1. Identify and name the value of pennies, nickels, and dimes
  2. Choose the coin named from a given set of mixed coins
  3. Use money in real-world situations such as a classroom store
Topic
C. Number Computation
Indicator
1. Analyze number relations and compute
Objectives
  1. Model addition by combining sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures
  2. Model subtraction by separating sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures
  3. Solve a given story problem cooperatively that is based on the combining and separating of models


Standard 7.0 Processes of Mathematics

Students demonstrate the processes of mathematics by making connections and applying reasoning to solve problems and to communicate their findings.
Topic
A. Problem Solving
Indicator
1. Apply a variety of concepts, processes, and skills to solve problems
Objectives
  1. Identify the question in the problem
  2. Decide if enough information is present to solve the problem
  3. Make a plan to solve a problem
  4. Apply a strategy, i.e., draw a picture, guess and check, finding a pattern, writing an equation
  5. Select a strategy, i.e., draw a picture, guess and check, finding a pattern, writing an equation
  6. Identify alternative ways to solve a problem
  7. Show that a problem might have multiple solutions or no solution
  8. Extend the solution of a problem to a new problem situation
Topic
B. Reasoning
Indicator
1. Justify ideas or solutions with mathematical concepts or proofs
Objectives
  1. Use inductive or deductive reasoning
  2. Make or test generalizations
  3. Support or refute mathematical statements or solutions
  4. Use methods of proof, i.e., direct, indirect, paragraph, or contradiction
Topic
C. Communication
Indicator
1. Present mathematical ideas using words, symbols, visual displays, or technology
Objectives
  1. Use multiple representations to express concepts or solutions
  2. Express mathematical ideas orally
  3. Explain mathematically ideas in written form
  4. Express solutions using concrete materials
  5. Express solutions using pictorial, tabular, graphical, or algebraic methods
  6. Explain solutions in written form
  7. Ask questions about mathematical ideas or problems
  8. Give or use feedback to revise mathematical thinking
Topic
D. Connections
Indicator
1. Relate or apply mathematics within the discipline, to other disciplines, and to life
Objectives
  1. Identify mathematical concepts in relationship to other mathematical concepts
  2. Identify mathematical concepts in relationship to other disciplines
  3. Identify mathematical concepts in relationship to life
  4. Use the relationship among mathematical concepts to learn other mathematical concepts


Note: Highlighted assessment limits will be tested in the no calculator section of MSA. In the assessment limit, (0-10) or (-10 to 10) means all numbers in the problem or the answer will fall within the range of 0 to 10 (including endpoints) or -10 to 10 (including endpoints), respectively. All content standards are tested in MSA but not all objectives. Objectives that have an assessment limit are tested on MSA. Objectives without an assessment limit are not tested on MSA.

June 2004