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Standard 4.0 Chemistry

Topic C. States of Matter

Indicator 1. Describe how the motion of atoms and molecules in solids, liquids, and gases changes as heat energy is increased or decreased.

Objective b. Describe what the temperature of a solid, or a liquid, or a gas reveals about the motion of its atoms and molecules.

Selected Response Item

Use The Periodic Table of the Elements and the information below to answer the following.

Magnesium metal (Mg) is grayish-white in color and reacts actively with water. Fluorine (F2) is a greenish-yellow gas at room temperature and is a member of the halogen family. These two elements react to produce magnesium fluoride (MgF2), a chemical commonly used in making windows and lenses.

How does adding heat energy affect magnesium fluoride (MgF2) molecules?

  1. The motion of the molecules stops.
  2. The motion of the molecules increases.
  3. The motion of the molecules decreases.
  4. The motion of the molecules is at a constant rate.
/share/assessment_items/xml/items/msa_science_8_003.xml

Correct Answer:
B

Selected Response Item

During an investigation, students were given chemical data for several common household products, as shown in the data table below. Students were to determine if a substance was an acid or base by using litmus paper. Litmus paper turns red in an acid and turns blue in a base.

Question Image

Which statement describes the motion of the molecules within the carpet cleaner when enough heat energy is added to boil the carpet cleaner?

  1. The molecules stop moving.
  2. The molecules move more slowly.
  3. The molecules move more quickly.
  4. The molecules begin moving at a constant rate.
/share/assessment_items/xml/items/msa_science_8_032.xml

Correct Answer:
C